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Published online 7 May 2004

Nucleic Acids Research, 2004, Vol. 32, No. 8 2541-2549
© 2004 Oxford University Press

Crystal structures of a DNA octaplex with I-motif of G-quartets and its splitting into two quadruplexes suggest a folding mechanism of eight tandem repeats

Jiro Kondo, Wataru Adachi, Shun-ichi Umeda, Tomoko Sunami and Akio Takénaka*

Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81 45 924 5709; Fax: +81 45 924 5748; Email: atakenak{at}bio.titech.ac.jp

Received March 12, 2004; Revised and Accepted April 8, 2004

Recent genomic analyses revealed many kinds of tandem repeats of specific sequences. Some of them are related to genetic diseases, but their biological functions and structures are still unknown. Two X-ray structures of a short DNA fragment d(gcGA[G]1Agc) show that four base-intercalated duplexes are assembled to form an octaplex at a low K+ concentration, in which the eight G5 residues form a stacked double G-quartet in the central part. At a higher K+ concentration, however, the octaplex is split into just two halves. These structural features suggest a folding process of eight tandem repeats of d(ccGA[G]4Agg), according to a double Greek-key motif. Such a packaging of the repeats could facilitate slippage of a certain sequence during DNA replication, to induce increase or decrease of the repeats.


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