Published online 7 June 2005
Methods Online |
Genome amplification of single sperm using multiple displacement amplification
1Department of Environmental Health, Center for Genome Information, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine 3223 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Medical School Chicago, IL, USA 3State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Center for Anthropological Studies, School of Life Sciences and Morgan-Tan International Center for Life Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai, China
*To whom correspondence should be addressed at Liren Biology Building, Room 220, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China. Tel: +86 21 65642800; Fax: +86 21 55664388; Email: ljin007{at}gmail.com
Received February 2, 2005. Revised April 11, 2005. Accepted May 17, 2005.
Sperm typing is an effective way to study recombination rate on a fine scale in regions of interest. There are two strategies for the amplification of single meiotic recombinants: repulsion-phase allele-specific PCR and whole genome amplification (WGA). The former can selectively amplify single recombinant molecules from a batch of sperm but is not scalable for high-throughput operation. Currently, primer extension pre-amplification is the only method used in WGA of single sperm, whereas it has limited capacity to produce high-coverage products enough for the analysis of local recombination rate in multiple large regions. Here, we applied for the first time a recently developed WGA method, multiple displacement amplification (MDA), to amplify single sperm DNA, and demonstrated its great potential for producing high-yield and high-coverage products. In a 50 µl reaction, 76 or 93% of loci can be amplified at least 2500- or 250-fold, respectively, from single sperm DNA, and second-round MDA can further offer >200-fold amplification. The MDA products are usable for a variety of genetic applications, including sequencing and microsatellite marker and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. The use of MDA in single sperm amplification may open a new era for studies on local recombination rates.
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