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Nucleic Acids Research 2005 33(18):5851-5860; doi:10.1093/nar/gki898
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Published online 12 October 2005

© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions{at}oxfordjournals.org


Article

Guanine tetraplex topology of human telomere DNA is governed by the number of (TTAGGG) repeats

Michaela Vorlícková*, Jana Chládková, Iva Kejnovská, Markéta Fialová and Jaroslav Kypr

Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +42 0 541 517 188; Fax: +42 0 541 240 497; Email: mifi{at}ibp.cz

Received July 11, 2005. Revised September 12, 2005. Accepted September 28, 2005.

Secondary structures of the G-rich strand of human telomere DNA fragments G3(TTAG3)n, n = 1–16, have been studied by means of circular dichroism spectroscopy and PAGE, in solutions of physiological potassium cation concentrations. It has been found that folding of these fragments into tetraplexes as well as tetraplex thermostabilities and enthalpy values depend on the number of TTAG3 repeats. The suggested topologies include, e.g. antiparallel and parallel bimolecular tetraplexes, an intramolecular antiparallel tetraplex, a tetraplex consisting of three parallel chains and one antiparallel chain, a poorly stable parallel intramolecular tetraplex, and both parallel and antiparallel tetramolecular tetraplexes. G3(TTAG3)3 folds into a single, stable and very compact intramolecular antiparallel tetraplex. With an increasing repeat number, the fragment tetraplexes surprisingly are ever less thermostable and their migration and enthalpy decrease indicate increasing irregularities or domain splitting in their arrangements. Reduced stability and different topology of lengthy telomeric tails could contribute to the stepwise telomere shortening process.


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