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Nucleic Acids Research 2005 33(2):511-518; doi:10.1093/nar/gki198
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Published online 20 January 2005

© 2005, the authors Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 33 No. 2 © Oxford University Press 2005; all rights reserved
The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use permissions, please contact journals.permissions{at}oupjournals.org.


Article

MAFFT version 5: improvement in accuracy of multiple sequence alignment

Kazutaka Katoh1,*, Kei-ichi Kuma1, Hiroyuki Toh1 and Takashi Miyata2,3,4

1 Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan 2 Biohistory Research Hall Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan 3 Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Science and Engineering, Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555, Japan 4 Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502, Japan

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81 774 38 3119; Fax: +81 774 38 3059; Email: kkatoh{at}kuicr.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Received October 14, 2004. Revised November 16, 2004. Accepted December 29, 2004.

The accuracy of multiple sequence alignment program MAFFT has been improved. The new version (5.3) of MAFFT offers new iterative refinement options, H-INS-i, F-INS-i and G-INS-i, in which pairwise alignment information are incorporated into objective function. These new options of MAFFT showed higher accuracy than currently available methods including TCoffee version 2 and CLUSTAL W in benchmark tests consisting of alignments of >50 sequences. Like the previously available options, the new options of MAFFT can handle hundreds of sequences on a standard desktop computer. We also examined the effect of the number of homologues included in an alignment. For a multiple alignment consisting of ~8 sequences with low similarity, the accuracy was improved (2–10 percentage points) when the sequences were aligned together with dozens of their close homologues (E-value < 10–5–10–20) collected from a database. Such improvement was generally observed for most methods, but remarkably large for the new options of MAFFT proposed here. Thus, we made a Ruby script, mafftE.rb, which aligns the input sequences together with their close homologues collected from SwissProt using NCBI-BLAST.


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Brief BioinformHome page
K. Katoh and H. Toh
Recent developments in the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program
Brief Bioinform, July 1, 2008; 9(4): 286 - 298.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
H.-M. Bourbon
Comparative genomics supports a deep evolutionary origin for the large, four-module transcriptional mediator complex
Nucleic Acids Res., July 1, 2008; 36(12): 3993 - 4008.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
S. Moretti, A. Wilm, D. G. Higgins, I. Xenarios, and C. Notredame
R-Coffee: a web server for accurately aligning noncoding RNA sequences
Nucleic Acids Res., July 1, 2008; 36(suppl_2): W10 - W13.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
J. Pei, M. Tang, and N. V. Grishin
PROMALS3D web server for accurate multiple protein sequence and structure alignments
Nucleic Acids Res., July 1, 2008; 36(suppl_2): W30 - W34.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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ScienceHome page
A. Loytynoja and N. Goldman
Phylogeny-Aware Gap Placement Prevents Errors in Sequence Alignment and Evolutionary Analysis
Science, June 20, 2008; 320(5883): 1632 - 1635.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. Kuraku, Y. Takio, K. Tamura, H. Aono, A. Meyer, and S. Kuratani
Noncanonical role of Hox14 revealed by its expression patterns in lamprey and shark
PNAS, May 6, 2008; 105(18): 6679 - 6683.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Gen. Virol.Home page
M. Quan, M. van Vuuren, P. G. Howell, D. Groenewald, and A. J. Guthrie
Molecular epidemiology of the African horse sickness virus S10 gene
J. Gen. Virol., May 1, 2008; 89(5): 1159 - 1168.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
A. Wilm, D. G. Higgins, and C. Notredame
R-Coffee: a method for multiple alignment of non-coding RNA
Nucleic Acids Res., May 1, 2008; 36(9): e52 - e52.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
M. Balke, J. Gomez-Zurita, I. Ribera, A. Viloria, A. Zillikens, J. Steiner, M. Garcia, L. Hendrich, and A. P. Vogler
Ancient associations of aquatic beetles and tank bromeliads in the Neotropical forest canopy
PNAS, April 29, 2008; 105(17): 6356 - 6361.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
J. Pei, B.-H. Kim, and N. V. Grishin
PROMALS3D: a tool for multiple protein sequence and structure alignments
Nucleic Acids Res., April 1, 2008; 36(7): 2295 - 2300.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Genome ResHome page
K. M. Bushell, C. Sollner, B. Schuster-Boeckler, A. Bateman, and G. J. Wright
Large-scale screening for novel low-affinity extracellular protein interactions
Genome Res., April 1, 2008; 18(4): 622 - 630.
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BioinformaticsHome page
J. D. Moore and R. G. Allaby
TreeMos: a high-throughput phylogenomic approach to find and visualize phylogenetic mosaicism
Bioinformatics, March 1, 2008; 24(5): 717 - 718.
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BioinformaticsHome page
W. Pirovano, K. A. Feenstra, and J. Heringa
PRALINETM: a strategy for improved multiple alignment of transmembrane proteins
Bioinformatics, February 15, 2008; 24(4): 492 - 497.
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BioinformaticsHome page
S. Michael, G. Trave, C. Ramu, C. Chica, and T. J. Gibson
Discovery of candidate KEN-box motifs using Cell Cycle keyword enrichment combined with native disorder prediction and motif conservation
Bioinformatics, February 15, 2008; 24(4): 453 - 457.
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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
M. G. Conte, S. Gaillard, N. Lanau, M. Rouard, and C. Perin
GreenPhylDB: a database for plant comparative genomics
Nucleic Acids Res., January 11, 2008; 36(suppl_1): D991 - D998.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
K. Hashimoto, A. C. Yoshizawa, S. Okuda, K. Kuma, S. Goto, and M. Kanehisa
The repertoire of desaturases and elongases reveals fatty acid variations in 56 eukaryotic genomes
J. Lipid Res., January 1, 2008; 49(1): 183 - 191.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Mol Biol EvolHome page
C. Casola, D. Hucks, and C. Feschotte
Convergent Domestication of pogo-like Transposases into Centromere-Binding Proteins in Fission Yeast and Mammals
Mol. Biol. Evol., January 1, 2008; 25(1): 29 - 41.
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BioinformaticsHome page
S. Wang, R. R. Gutell, and D. P. Miranker
Biclustering as a method for RNA local multiple sequence alignment
Bioinformatics, December 15, 2007; 23(24): 3289 - 3296.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
P. A. Watkins, D. Maiguel, Z. Jia, and J. Pevsner
Evidence for 26 distinct acyl-coenzyme A synthetase genes in the human genome
J. Lipid Res., December 1, 2007; 48(12): 2736 - 2750.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J Exp BotHome page
S. Schmidt von Braun, A. Sabetti, P. J. Hanic-Joyce, J. Gu, E. Schleiff, and P. B. M. Joyce
Dual targeting of the tRNA nucleotidyltransferase in plants: not just the signal
J. Exp. Bot., December 1, 2007; 58(15-16): 4083 - 4093.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Mol Biol EvolHome page
T. Schlegel, O. Mirus, A. von Haeseler, and E. Schleiff
The Tetratricopeptide Repeats of Receptors Involved in Protein Translocation across Membranes
Mol. Biol. Evol., December 1, 2007; 24(12): 2763 - 2774.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Mol Biol EvolHome page
T. Golubchik, M. J. Wise, S. Easteal, and L. S. Jermiin
Mind the Gaps: Evidence of Bias in Estimates of Multiple Sequence Alignments
Mol. Biol. Evol., November 1, 2007; 24(11): 2433 - 2442.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]



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