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Nucleic Acids Research 2006 34(4):1224-1236; doi:10.1093/nar/gkj519
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Published online 2 March 2006

© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions{at}oxfordjournals.org

Article

Post-transcriptional regulation of thioredoxin by the stress inducible heterogenous ribonucleoprotein A18

Ruiqing Yang, David J. Weber and France Carrier*

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore, MD 21207

*To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St. Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Tel: +1 410 706 5105; Fax: +1 410 706 8297; Email: fcarr001{at}umaryland.edu

Received January 13, 2006. Accepted February 5, 2006.

Thioredoxin (TRX) is a key protein of the cellular redox metabolism, which expression is increased in several tumors especially gastric tumors. Even though ultraviolet (UV) and hypoxia specifically induce TRX, the mechanisms that lead to increased TRX levels are still ill defined. Here, we show that the heterogenous ribonucleoprotein A18 (hnRNP A18) RNA Binding Domain (RBD) and the arginine, glycine (RGG) rich domain can bind TRX 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) independently but both domains are required for maximal binding. Immunoprecipitation (IP) of hnRNP A18-mRNAs complexes and co-localization of hnRNP A18 and TRX transcripts on ribosomal fractions confirm the interaction of hnRNP A18 with TRX transcripts in cells. Moreover, down regulation of hnRNP A18 correlates with a significant reduction of TRX protein levels. In addition, hnRNP A18 increases TRX translation and interacts with the eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4G (eIF4G), a component of the general translational machinery. Furthermore, hnRNP A18 phosphorylation by the hypoxia inducible GSK3ß increases hnRNP A18 RNA binding activity in vitro and in RKO cells in response to UV radiation. These data support a regulatory role for hnRNP A18 in TRX post-transcriptional expression possibly through a kissing loop model bridging TRX 3'- and 5'-UTRs through eIF4G.


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