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Nucleic Acids Research Advance Access originally published online on December 15, 2007
Nucleic Acids Research 2008 36(3):732-741; doi:10.1093/nar/gkm1096
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Nucleic Acids Research, 2008, Vol. 36, No. 3 732-741
© 2007 The Author(s)
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

RNA

Developmentally regulated cleavage of tRNAs in the bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor

Henry J. Haiser1, Fedor V. Karginov2, Gregory J. Hannon2 and Marie A. Elliot1,*

1Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada and 2Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Watson School of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: (905) 525-9140 x24225; Fax: (905) 522-6066; Email: melliot{at}mcmaster.ca

Received October 5, 2007. Revised November 16, 2007. Accepted November 19, 2007.

The ability to sense and respond to environmental and physiological signals is critical for the survival of the soil-dwelling Gram-positive bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor. Nutrient deprivation triggers the onset of a complex morphological differentiation process that involves the raising of aerial hyphae and formation of spore chains, and coincides with the production of a diverse array of clinically relevant antibiotics and other secondary metabolites. These processes are tightly regulated; however, the genes and signals involved have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report a novel tRNA cleavage event that follows the same temporal regulation as morphological and physiological differentiation, and is growth medium dependent. All tRNAs appear to be susceptible to cleavage; however, there appears to be a bias towards increased cleavage of those tRNAs that specify highly utilized codons. In contrast to what has been observed in eukaryotes, accumulation of tRNA halves in S. coelicolor is not significantly affected by amino acid starvation, and is also not affected by induction of the stringent response or inhibition of ribosome function. Mutants defective in aerial development and antibiotic production exhibit altered tRNA cleavage profiles relative to wild-type strains.


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