Nucleic Acids Research Advance Access published online on February 6, 2007
Nucleic Acids Research, doi:10.1093/nar/gkl1172
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The structure and function of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins
1Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700, USA, 2Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA and 3Department of Biochemistry, University of WA, Box 357350, Seattle, WA 98195-7350, USA
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +(206) 543 1610; Fax: +(206) 685 8665; Email: varani{at}chem.washington.edu
Received November 22, 2006. Revised December 20, 2006. Accepted December 20, 2006.
Eukaryotes and archaea use two sets of specialized ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) to carry out sequence-specific methylation and pseudouridylation of RNA, the two most abundant types of modifications of cellular RNAs. In eukaryotes, these protein–RNA complexes localize to the nucleolus and are called small nucleolar RNPs (snoRNPs), while in archaea they are known as small RNPs (sRNP). The C/D class of sno(s)RNPs carries out ribose-2'-O-methylation, while the H/ACA class is responsible for pseudouridylation of their RNA targets. Here, we review the recent advances in the structure, assembly and function of the conserved C/D and H/ACA sno(s)RNPs. Structures of each of the core archaeal sRNP proteins have been determined and their assembly pathways delineated. Furthermore, the recent structure of an H/ACA complex has revealed the organization of a complete sRNP. Combined with current biochemical data, these structures offer insight into the highly homologous eukaryotic snoRNPs.
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