Nucleic Acids Research Advance Access published online on August 25, 2006
Nucleic Acids Research, doi:10.1093/nar/gkl481
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© 2006 The Author(s)
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Rad54: the Swiss Army knife of homologous recombination?
1 Sections of Microbiology, University of California Davis, CA 95616-8665, USA 2 Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California Davis, CA 95616-8665, USA 3 Center for Genetics and Development, University of California Davis, CA 95616-8665, USA
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 530 752 3001; Fax: 530 752 3011; Email: wdheyer{at}ucdavis.edu
Received March 8, 2006. Revised June 22, 2006. Accepted June 23, 2006.
Homologous recombination (HR) is a ubiquitous cellular pathway that mediates transfer of genetic information between homologous or near homologous (homeologous) DNA sequences. During meiosis it ensures proper chromosome segregation in the first division. Moreover, HR is critical for the tolerance and repair of DNA damage, as well as in the recovery of stalled and broken replication forks. Together these functions preserve genomic stability and assure high fidelity transmission of the genetic material in the mitotic and meiotic cell divisions. This review will focus on the Rad54 protein, a member of the Snf2-family of SF2 helicases, which translocates on dsDNA but does not display strand displacement activity typical for a helicase. A wealth of genetic, cytological, biochemical and structural data suggests that Rad54 is a core factor of HR, possibly acting at multiple stages during HR in concert with the central homologous pairing protein Rad51.
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